Degradation of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and truncated glucagon-like peptide 1 in vitro and in vivo by dipeptidyl peptidase IV
doi: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2010.00280.x
The medication influences cardiovascular function through multiple mechanisms: it slows gastric emptying, reduces appetite, improves glycaemic control, and may have direct effects on the cardiovascular system including modest reductions in blood pressure and a slight increase in heart rate
This research offers further insight into this emerging safety signal, according to the study authors who noted in their Ophthalmology paper, Our novel, stratified analysis provides a more nuanced interpretation than previous pooled reviews, isolating a potential increased risk signal to observational data in the diabetes population only, a finding not corroborated by RCTs. These results are somewhat at odds with the narrative surrounding GLP-1 use and NAION risk that began in early 2024, but the researchers say they are confident in their methodology
You need to reconstitute the powder by adding bacteriostatic water, and the amount of water you add determines the final concentration