Results can vary, but many individuals report noticeable improvements within 4-12 weeks of consistent use
For example, people who are suffering from neurological damage (like nerve damage or a spinal cord injury) may take longer to heal, and a full recovery is not guaranteed
If the blood-testis barrier becomes compromised through events (eg, surgery or infection) or due to vascular abnormalities (eg, varicocele), the development of antisperm antibodies, which target sperm and decrease their motility, can occur
This is because the benzyl alcohol, which acts as the preservative, remains effective for a long period as long as the vial is sealed and stored correctly
Li and Ou, 2023), whereas long-term antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients is associated with mitochondrial toxicity and metabolic syndrome (Prez-Matute et al., 2013)