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Cultures were incubated at a constant temperature of 37 C in an atmosphere comprising 94% N 2 , 5% CO 2 , and 1% O 2

TMA-containing compound assay Trimethylamine-containing compounds were extracted from 50 l of plasma, 50 l of whole liver homogenate or from 100 l of whole brain homogenate (without the cerebellum and olfactory bulbs) by adding 10 volumes of ACN and spiking the samples with 5 l of IS mix containing 12 M d9-TMAO (CIL), 649 nM d9-TMA (CDN Isotopes), 6 M d3-L-carnitine (CIL), 329 nM d9-crotonobetaine (see Koeth et al., 2014) and 5 M d9-TML (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) at the beginning of the extraction

Those who rely solely on the medication without making lifestyle changes tend to experience more significant rebound

Introduction Carnitine regulates the balance between free CoA and acyl-CoA both inside and outside the cell

doi:10.1007/BF00581375 PMID: 568769 3