Previous work demonstrated that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who were treated with anti-TNF biologics exhibited decreased Spike-specific antibody responses compared with patients with IBD treated with anti-IL-12/23 or healthy controls, even after 4 doses of mRNA vaccine.METHODS Here we analyzed humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 immunization using single-cell RNA-Sequencing and flow cytometry of Spike-specific memory B cells (MBC), as well as avidity measurements of plasma antibodies from patients with IBD treated with anti-TNF or anti-IL-12/23 and from people in the healthy control group.RESULTS We observed decreased somatic hypermutation in the B cell receptors of Spike-specific MBCs and decreased antigen-specific MBC accumulation following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with IBD treated with anti-TNF, compared with patients with IBD treated with anti-IL-12/23 or people in the healthy control group
According to Beckers Hospital Review, some insurers and self-funded employers across America are dropping coverage altogether or imposing strict limits in 2025, reflecting the financial and operational challenges posed by the high-cost medications
COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019): A new coronavirus disease
This approach will not only strengthen the credibility of TCM-derived therapies but also accelerate their integration into mainstream cardiovascular care, guiding future interdisciplinary collaboration in an evidence-based manner
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that helps regulate appetite and blood sugar, which can make a reduced-calorie plan easier to follow when its prescribed as part of clinician-supervised care
