According to the Mayo Clinic, most people consume adequate amounts of B vitamins through their diet, though the elderly, particularly those with pernicious anemia, athletes, strict vegetarians, and people who consume a lot of alcohol may be deficient in the B vitamins and may require injections or oral supplementation of B vitamins or vitamin B-12, in particular
Symptoms of a B vitamin overdose may include flushing, diarrhea, and stomach upset
Research has studied its effects on adipocyte size, fat mass regulation, and systemic metabolic activity in preclinical models
Adults typically need 2.4 mcg per day (which goes up to 2.6 and 2.8 mcg per day if pregnant or breastfeeding, respectively)
FDA-approved Rybelsus requires 14 mg orally to approximate the effect of about 1 mg injected