5% Nicotine Salt: Delivers a smooth and strong throat hit
Device Compatibility: Specifically crafted for use with IQOS ILUMA series devices (IQOS ILUMA, IQOS ILUMA Prime, IQOS ILUMA One)
Includes all 3 steps
Several theories have been hypothesized regarding the mechanisms by which smoking lowers testosterone levels owing to Leydig cell dysfunction by various mechanisms such as chronic hypoxia, smoke-induced oxidative stress (ROS), neuroendocrinal effect of nicotine on hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, direct cytotoxic effect on Leydig cells either causing downregulation of key enzymes of steroidogenesis (NR5A1, CYP11A1, and 3b-HSD1) or by inducing apoptosis (by increase in Bax (proapoptotic protein) and caspase-3 expression, and a decrease in Bcl-2 (an antiapoptotic protein) expression[]
In contrast, quitting smoking has an immediate positive effect, although it takes years, and sometimes decades, to equalize the risk with that of a non-smoker