Health and safety considerations Neither side of the pipe vs joint comparison is risk-free, and both methods involve combustion, which produces tar, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter regardless of what you're smoking
Iron or Steel Spicul in the Eye These occur while turning iron or steel in a lathe, and are best remedied by doubling back the upper or lower eyelid, according to the situation of the substance, and with the flat edge of a silver probe, taking up the metallic particle, using a lotion made by dissolving six grains of sugar of lead, and the same of white vitriol, in six ounces of water, and bathing the eye three times a day till the inflammation subsides
1 You can see this shift in opinion in the chart below
the Isidore and Penny Myers Foundation
Meta- and pooled analyses of the effects of glutathione- S -transferase M1 polymorphisms and smoking on lung cancer risk