These included TCA cycle intermediates such as citrate, cis -aconitate, -ketoglutarate, and various amino acids including glutamate, proline, aspartate, asparagine, and alanine as well as glutathione, pyroglutamate, and ornithine
Oxidative stress (inflammation) arises from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protective antioxidants
Accordingly, gliosis may be via pathways related to -ketoglutarate
Future outlook: what comes next for both compounds The peptide weight loss landscape is evolving rapidly, and both cagrilintide and retatrutide sit at the center of that evolution
Phase 3 trials for obesity and weight-related conditions