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Therefore, the present study harnesses the power of a population-based cohort to elucidate the significance of early age at smoking initiation as a potential independent risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes

Continuous variables with a normal distribution are expressed as means along with their standard deviations (SD), whereas those with a skewed distribution are depicted as medians with interquartile ranges (IQR)

online "Chapter 1: Introduction and Approach to Causal Inference" (PDF)

Nicotine withdrawal symptoms exacerbate these mental health issues

Although the number of teens who vape has fallen from a peak in 2019 and the number of people smoking combustible cigarettes has been declining for more than a decade, the CDC says, slightly more children are using oral nicotine products than in years past